The Boeing 757 is an American short to medium range commercial passenger aircraft manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes.  The 757-200 is the definitive version and forms the majority of 757s sold.  It was launched by Eastern Air Lines and British Airways to replace the Boeing 727 and entered service in 1983. Production of the 757 ended on October 28, 2004 after 1,050 had been built.  The final aircraft was delivered to Shanghai Airlines on November 28, 2005.  As of July 2007, a total of 1,019 Boeing 757 aircraft remain in airline service.

The Boeing 757 (designated "7N7" during initial development) was designed by Boeing to replace the Boeing 727 and complement the Boeing 767 on thin routes.  The Boeing 757 was the first Boeing airliner launched with engines produced outside the U.S., with early customers selecting the Rolls-Royce RB211.

The 757 maintains competitive economics with newer short haul aircraft like the Boeing 737 and Airbus A320 product lines, following the trend of larger aircraft having lower seat/mile cost.  While the program was a resounding financial success, sales dwindled during the late 1990s, eventually forcing Boeing to cease production. The 1,050th and last 757, destined for Shanghai Airlines, rolled off the production line at Renton on October 28, 2004 and was delivered to the customer in April, 2005 after several months of storage.

In the short term, the Boeing 757-200 has been succeeded by the 737-900ER.